Marine Science & Oceanography

For a long time and until now, there has been a serious need for the work that would systematically present the whole subject of the acoustic fish reconnaissance and detailing all the most important and major technical aspects of the application of the acoustic equipment in the field of commercial fish reconnaissance, and also offering readers sufficiently deep and thorough analysis of the actual effectiveness of the established fish-finding techniques.

The publication by K. Yudanov and I. Kalikhman was specifically worked out and released to respond to this need through provision of the required comprehensive overview of both theoretical and practical aspects of the acoustic detection and search, as well as the interpretation and estimation of the population, performed for commercial benefit. Particular and close attention has been paid by the authors to the accounting surveys for the quantitative estimation of relevant bio-resources and fishing conditions in the areas considered traditional for fishing activities.

They have also analyzed different applications of the acoustic technique on the basis of the extensive investigations carried out by themselves. The main content of the volume includes the results of the applicability of the various fish-finding tools, and useful recommendations on the improvement of the techniques in question.

This valuable and informative plus interesting title presented today was prepared with the sole purpose to define the fundamental engineering principles relating to environmental reaction, for example design of the reactor, being applicable to the developing of the relevant processes that provide any environmental benefit.

Touching the matters of prevention of the pollution impacting the surrounding environment, the main accent was placed by Martin Abraham and Robert Hesketh - on newly presented technologies minimizing the production of various undesirable side products causing pollution; however, they have also considered the matters of application of the reaction engineering to the treatment of wastes commonly produced by other means.

The opening section of this title mainly concentrates on the environment-friendly combustion, with the three articles addressing the existing methods of reduction of the NOx and PAH formation and it also covers several combustion products sensitive to the environment.

The following section of the book includes a good collection of contributions involving the utilization of catalysts to support the reactions. Then, there section comes dedicated to the use of the fluid solvents. Remaining parts of the book contain numerous interesting documents, dealing with some novel reactor designs. ​

The energy of ocean waves and of the renewable energy resources provides quite small but still significant proportion of the future energy needs without adding to global warming and also pollution of the environment. The present concise and very practical reference book prepared by John Brook describes several alternative methods of application, and also sheds the light on the technical concepts standing behind the conversion of the waves energy; the author has also investigated the wave power activities all around the world.

The volume presents the exploration of the potential of the energy that can be obtained from the ocean waves - historically, this source of energy is well known for its great destructive power and strength. However, as you will see from this book, this source of energy can and shall be converted into useful work. Of course, some of the methods of conversion are still under development but there is some significant progress and subject systems will most probably be introduced soon.

The issue is that the cost of energy obtained using these methods, remains relatively high; however, they are expected to come down quite considerably, bearing in mind that the experience is growing. It is anticipated that this type of energy eventually replace or at least supplement significant portion of conventionally generated energy...

The core part of this work has actually been developed based on the content of several interesting lectures and we would say it will be useful for students at all levels to serve as the set of supplementary appropriate materials related to geophysics of the sea ice together with the planetary boundary layers.

The polar geo-regions are currently undergoing quite unprecedented and fast changes, being the reason why it is considered so important to properly understand the current exchanges of momentum and heat-and-salt at the interface of ice-ocean.

The publication draws on the fundamental theoretical principles together with the results obtained during the extensively conducted observations to develop a concise yet thorough and informative description of the impacts that are caused by the stress, buoyancy plus rotation on the turbulence scales controlling the ocean-atmosphere exchanges in the iced ocean condition.

The authors have used several  valuable and truly unique observation data sets to better illustrate numerous important aspects of the interactions between ocean and ice. Definitely interesting and useful publication for any persons interested in oceanography, climate changes, environment protection and other relevant areas, from enthusiasts and students to experts.

The ocean surface has been attracted the attention of people from the very beginning of our history. The breaking of the very large oceanic waves has a really hypnotic effect on human beings who are observing this truly magnificent phenomenon. These natural processes have always been the popular themes in painting, literature, and mosaic, and very few people managed to remain indifferent to this greatness of nature.

The publication is representing the comprehensive and understandable descriptions of various physical findings of the research done in the spatio-temporal characteristics of the waves gravity as well as of the foam activity in the open sea using the tools of microwave and optical sensing. The main emphasis has been placed by the author on the most important physical aspects of the breaking processes required to measure the limitations and possibilities of remote sensing instruments is some specific cases.

The author has also provided numerous informative illustrations from the experiments for better understanding of this complex phenomena. It shall be noted that the statistical characteristics of the ocean wave breaking and foam that is forming, are considered critically important to the dynamics of the ocean waves. An excellent study and valuable work on one of the most interesting topics in the field of marine science.

Among the key features of the present publications are the integrated and modern approach applied by the author to both active and passive underwater acoustics, numerous useful and informative examples of the lab scale models of the ocean-acoustic environments, together with the practical experiments carried out at sea, the coverage of the remote sensing of the sea floor and marine life, explanation of the high intensities, parametric sources, shock waves, cavitation, streaming and the explosive waves, coverage of the microbubbles caused by the breaking waves, dispersion, attenuation and rainfalls, inclusion of the valuable information on signal processing of the ocean sounds, various physical and biological noises, explanation of the propagation of the sound along the ray paths and caustics, presentation of the sound transmissions etc.

A very valuable volume for the people involved in oceanography. The publication has already proven to be the authoritative one and full of supplementary exercises and examples for better understanding of the theoretical part. The authors of the volume encourage the marine scientists and engineers to apply the modern and newly established methods...​

This interesting and rare monograph has been written by the recognized professional and experienced oceanologist; it was released with the sole intention to provide the today's industry with the correct results of the developments, as well as practical solutions worked out by the author in the course of formulating the major principles of ecological geography of the sea.

The first chapter of this monograph states the key methodological principles of visualization of ecological data for the dissemination between the users; this would result in the development of the geo-and-eco model of the sea basin. The second chapter of the document considers both ecological and geographic sides of math modeling f the marine eco-systems, together with the key features and capabilities of some relevant models. The other six chapters of the monograph have been dedicated to the history of formation of the hydrological structure, summer suffocation causes, potential impact the sea fish farms, self-purification from the pollution caused by oil spills, consequence of the various economic activities, etc.

The theoretical part of the book has been supplemented with numerous very informative examples illustrating it. The closing chapter of the monograph sheds some light on the major world problems associated with the exploitation of the marine resources.

The Baltic Sea is deservedly treated as a unique basin - it is relatively shallow and small, and should rather be looked at a series of separate basins connected to the Atlantic Ocean only by means of the Danish Straits. The water exchange through the above mentioned series of straits is quite limited, and as a result of the positive balance of the fresh water, the water mass of the Baltic Sea is brackish, with its mean salinity being about seven per cent — 1/5 of the salinity of normal ocean waters.

This elongated sea lies between maritime temperate and continental sub-Arctic climate zones. During the winter time, it is partly covered by ice, and at most severe winters it is completely frozen over. The variable coastal geo-morphology and the wide archipelago areas give the Baltic Sea its individual appearance. There are four major brackish water basins in the World Ocean, as further discussed in the book.

The mean depth of the Black Sea is about 1200 metres and, owing to the strong salinity stratification and extremely slow renewal of the deep water, the water masses below 200 m are anoxic... In short, the publication will be very useful for the people involved in oceanographic and other activities in the area because of the information included by the authors.