This is the reprinted edition of the publication featuring the completely rewritten and updated content. The text of the book remains full of brilliant ideas related to the art of sailing – this is exactly what the authors were famous for through decades. The advice to the newcomers to the world of sailing, provided by the authors, is truly priceless and it is also timeless, taking into consideration how they dealt with the real-life knowledge, understanding and practical sea-going experience.
We all know that most of the fundamentals of the sailing science do not change; however, some of the topics become obsolete as the vessels and sailing techniques and technologies develop. We are quite sure that if one could look say a century from today, he or she would still see the sailors of the future onboard boats with no engines installed, and still having such pieces of classics as sextants, despite the rapid development of the technology.
Well, you never know how the sea will behave and if you will be left without your set of smart tools and gadgets! This book was written having in mind the sailors who want to be prepared to all surprises that the nature can produce, and this is something we would recommend to all sailors.
This publication contains the notes for the training course developed by the United States Naval Academy, introducing students to the shipboard systems. Within the subject course, both ships and underwater vehicles are covered, including their floating from ship design and application viewpoints.
Several topics have been included to cover the hydrostatics, stability of ship, materials used for hull construction, ship propulsion fluid mechanics and others. The students who have successfully completed all parts of this course, will get a good knowledge and understanding of the ship hull construction, equilibrium and stability, watertight integrity, structural arrangement of the ship hull.
They will also be able to consider the critical factors that affect the maneuverability of the vessel underway, understand the components impacting the hull resistance, and many other aspects of the naval architecture and ship construction. Note that not too much is required from the students starting the course apart from the basic understanding of the terminology, just read, follow the content and be attentive.
When we lose situational awareness, we increase the potential for human error. Warnings that situational awareness has been degraded include ambiguity, distraction or preoccupation, general feeling of uncertainty, break in communication, departure from voyage plan, violation of rules, regulations, or standard operating procedures, improper con or lookout, and complacency or overconfidence. The complexity of operating a modern day vessel and the interactions within and outside the bridge team provide the opportunity for errors.
There are three types of human errors. Failure to adequately plan for events, failure to know and follow established procedures, and failure of the members of a group working toward a common goal to adequately communicate with one another. Accidents are rarely caused by a single event.
It is usually a sequence or chain of events that cause an accident. Breaking an
error chain or error trapping is essential to preventing accidents. All bridge team members must be able to identify error chains and be empowered to take corrective action and ABs should be encouraged to speak out.
Communication is the exchange of information, thoughts, or feeling. To be effective communicators, the need to understand the various types of communication is imperative. The most effective type of communication is face to face.
This enables you to receive visual as well as spoken information. Verbal communications include all types of radio and telephone communications. It is important to choose your words carefully and speak them loudly, clearly, and concisely due to the lack of visual stimuli.
The least effective communication is written. An effective communication process includes the sender, the message, the receiver, and the feedback. The sender should be conveying information necessary for the mission accomplishment.
He or she must be proactive in making the receiver understand the message. The message should consist of correct terminology and be clearly sent to the receiver. The receiver should be active in the communication process and give message feedback.
Feedback can include acknowledgement, repeating, or paraphrasing. Once the receiver has given feedback, the communication process is completed when the sender acknowledges it. In understanding the relationship between stress and performance, it is important to first consider the effects of stress on the body.
There are three stages associated with stress. The state of alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. The initial state of alarm takes the body by surprise, and the ability to cope with the stress is reduced.
As the body fights or resists the original source, the symptoms gradually disappear. The body adapts to the higher level of stress, but the ability to cope with other stress begins to fade. Eventually, we are unable to cope with the original stress, and exhaustion sets in.
Exhaustion occurs when the body's resources have been depleted. Not all stress is bad. Studies show that the body performs best when under moderate stress.
Too little stress causes boredom or complacency, while too much diminishes situational awareness and causes panic. Good bridge team leaders will not only deal with stress within themselves, but will perceive and accommodate stress in other team members. This includes reducing an individual's workload or assigning tasks based on ability and experience.
Fatigue is defined as weariness or exhaustion from work, overexertion, inadequate sound sleep, or the cumulative effects of poor sleep over several days. Fatigue slows visual perception, decision making, mental arithmetic, and impairs memory recall. Signs of fatigue are errors of omission, slower task performance, decreased morale and motivation, poor communications, and sleeping on duty.
Two strategies for fatigue countermeasures are the preventive and the operational strategies. Preventive strategies are used before and between duty periods. This includes getting the best possible sleep before reporting on board.
You should begin operations as sleep-satiated as possible, getting eight hours of sleep in any 24-hour period. Trust your own physiology. If you feel sleepy and circumstances permit, then sleep.
A basic rule is if you wake spontaneously and cannot go back to sleep within 15 to 30 minutes, you then get up. Strategic napping and good sleep habits are also part of the preventive strategy. Studies show that effective naps can improve performance.
Naps before any duty period should be limited to 45 minutes. Naps at other times should be more than two hours. Good sleep habits include a pre-sleep routine, possibly utilizing relaxation techniques.
A dark, quiet room with a comfortable temperature is also important. Regular exercise will improve your quality of sleep. Because
the ship schedule does not always allow these preventive strategies to be followed, it is important to discuss operational strategies.
The following can be used to increase alertness while on duty. Physical action, conversations on professional topics, strategic caffeine consumption, balanced nutrition, and staying well hydrated. The promotion of bridge resource management is based on the concept of synergy.
Synergy is described as the total of the individuals in cooperation is greater than the sum of the individuals taken by themselves. The best leaders share their information, communicate openly, and encourage participation. The respect of others and the ability to share workload are also traits of a good leader.
Maintaining a constructive and positive attitude and keeping a receptive atmosphere coupled with honesty are necessities of productive leaders. Decision-making is an essential skill for operational team leaders. Team members participate in the problem-solving process by contributing timely and valuable information to the team leader.
In order to make a positive decision, information must be gathered and cross-checked. Alternatives and contingencies must be identified so that possible solutions may be explored. And, if the aforementioned processes are implemented, the goal to safer and more efficient vessel operations through bridge resource management will be well underway.
The main intention of the authors of this book was to give readers a sort of truly dependable base which they could use when starting their advanced study of the subject. While the main purpose is to assist the ship designers, the content will be equally interesting and useful to all people engaged in the shipbuilding and ship design. It is truth that the ship design is a form of art, just like any other design activity.
However, one shall remember at all times that the subject process keeps demanding skills, supplemented with the good imagination, as almost nothing can be achieved by just following the established rules blindly. There are ten chapters in this volume, the first one providing some introduction to the ship design process, and mechanics as such.
After that the ocean environment is being addressed in detail, as this knowledge is considered critically important for the whole process of designing marine vehicles. Once this is completed, you will proceed to the main part of the book, covering modelling of marine systems, steady motion of the vehicle at both low and high speeds, and many other areas.
According to the author of this world-popular volume, the main idea is to present a sort of universal image of the foundational elements making the whole system of the international maritime transportation system of today. Considering that the sea transportation in one of the oldest business undertakings, of those still in continuous use, it is therefore useful to check the development of the shipping industry throughout the history.
The reader will find a good historical overview of the industry in the pages of this publication. This sixth edition of the book features significantly updated and revised content, that was done to make sure that the recent changes in the shipping industry had been duly reflected.
Compared to the fifth edition, there are several new chapters introduced covering the ship type reviews, safety advice and many other necessary areas. It goes without saying that the mariners of today shall have good ability for adaptation to any changes and this volume will help them by providing a nice insight about the management involvement.
The compendium by Jean-Marie Zogg is intended to provide a comprehensive coverage of the core working principles of the global positioning system, or GPS, and explain in detail the essentials of the theory of satellite navigation and position calculation without having to apply the intimidating and so difficult-to-follow mathematics.
The author focuses mainly on the underlying principles; however, there are several chapters dealing with the coordinate systems, so that the readers can handle the GNSS data correctly. The material is arranged in a way offering readers the easiest background. Numerous real-life cases have been analyzed across mobile communications and consumer devices.
In short, all technical specifics have been covered in detail, while maintaining easy-to-follow approach allowing the material to be understood by the people with little technical skills and/or experience in the field. It is an excellent choice for somebody making their first steps and willing to get general understanding on how the satellite navigation works.
First of all, let us start with the fact that the modern piracy has absolutely nothing to do with the pirates of the past times, who you might have seen on the TV screen or met in the pages of the romantic novels. The maritime piracy has been a very serious issue in many areas of the world, but particularly and traditionally in Africa, South America and Asia. It is still there and it is still a great problem in need of solving.
Nowadays it is business worth billions and taking advantage of the flaws in the law and sometimes poor enforcement of the international law, as well as the ships being undermanned. The pirates of today are perfectly armed and present real danger to the people onboard vessels, and to the cargo they transport.
The subject problem keeps growing even though the patrols are organized by the powerful national involving modern navy vessels. The author of the book sheds some light on the problem if general, and supplements the information with the detailed analysis of the recent cases of international maritime piracy.
This 2nd edition of the publication by John Cundell is deservedly treated as one of the most popular and useful publication on the subject matter. The content has been developed by the author, having the beginners in mind and considering that they would not have too much of technical skills and practical experience.
The main idea of the author was to get the radio control electronics finally demystified and make it understandable to the readers even without applying the difficult engineering principles that might be too hard to follow for the newcomers to the world of ship model making. The volume features ready and details instructions on how to install and operate radio control systems.
The guidance on the safe arrangement and securing of the associated equipment is of entry level. Note that this edition was thoroughly reworked in order o include the frequency allocations of 1980-90-es as well as to address the new battery technologies introduced within that period, and some other changes in the field considered important enough.