 The expansion of global trade, travel, and the transportation of goods across borders, seas, and oceans has yielded significant advantages for humanity. However, it has also enabled the worldwide proliferation of invasive aquatic species (IAS), which have increasingly detrimental effects. These species frequently lack natural predators in the regions they invade. The issue intensified with the advent of steel hulls in the 1830s, which permitted ships to utilize water as ballast instead of solid materials.
The primary objective of this report is to outline the evaluation process of Ballast Water Management Systems (BWMS) as it has developed over the past decade. This methodology is grounded in internationally recognized risk assessment methods that are implemented in various countries and regions around the globe. The methods and assumptions are derived from the World Health Organization (WHO), the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the European Union, particularly the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) concerning the assessment of chemicals and biocides, and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and are incorporated into decision support systems within these organizations.
The GESAMP-BWWG is responsible for interpreting these methods. Additionally, this publication aims to introduce this risk assessment framework to the scientific community to stimulate critique and thus enhance the methodology. The assessment of BWMS warrants a scientifically sound approach to system approval, thereby achieving the goal of safeguarding the environment, human health, property, and resources.
 This is one more volume relating to the modern carriers of the liquefied gases. It shall be noted that the guidance provided in the pages of this official SIGTTO publication is intended to cover the CO2 emissions from the LNG carriers and no other greenhouse gases. The authors have focused on the emissions resulting from the combustion of the hydrocarbons during the regular operation of the vessel.
The trainees are expected to possess some very basic understanding of how the LNG carriers operate. Normally, the main and auxiliary engines and boilers will be considered typical sources of the CO2 emissions, together with the IGG, or Inert Gas Generator, and GCU, standing for the Gas Combustion Unit. In turn, the CO2 emissions can be measured using one of two available methods, namely the direct measurement, or measuring the consumption of the fuel on board with subsequent calculation of the CO2 through the so-called carbon emission factor.
The present volume mainly addresses the second method. The fuel consumption on board is usually monitored through the bunker delivery notes, or calculations based on the tank measurements of either fuel tanks or cargo tanks, should the cargo be used as a fuel. In addition to that, this can be evaluated using the flow meters.
 It is the intention of the SIGTTO organization to keep on encouraging the continual improvement in order to significantly reduce the impact that the LNG shipping of today has on the environment. The present publication forms an integral part of the pack of volumes related to the particular environmental issues, supported by the IMO in terms of the GHG reduction.
Since methane is the greenhouse gas, it is critically important to have the reliable systems so that the environmental impact of its carriage gets minimized. The whole idea of the authors of this title was to provide professional recommendation on the identification, detection, measurement and quantification of the fugitive methane emissions from the liquefied gas carriers. The content of the publication perfectly aligns with the principles of the industry that are currently in place.
It goes without saying that once the consistent approach has been duly adopted and implemented, it will seriously contribute to the reduction of the aforementioned emissions. The publication is quite concise but still supplemented with the glossary of terms facilitating the reader-friendliness and helping to better understand the basic principles.
 Here is the second, revised and updated, release of the waste and water management dictionary - the volume has been expanded by about ten per cent in comparison with the first edition, and includes more than a thousand revised or completely new entries.
This volume provides readers with much more comprehensive coverage of terminology relating to the storm water and flood management; the latest EU Directives in the environmental field have also been incorporated in this release of the dictionary and it now includes a number of extra entries concerning detection of the leaks, sewer and pipeline rehabilitation.
The readers treat this dictionary as the important and timely one, recommended to all libraries supporting various waste and water management programs and other environment-related studies as well as hydrology. It is a good and very comprehensive reference covering waste and water treatment and management. This latest edition of the dictionary includes more than seven thousand entries and takes into consideration the most recent developments of the water/waste management and associated terminology.
This all makes the book a very handy reference source for the engineers, contractors and other professionals involved in the industry. The United States and British standards and legislation are referenced in the book.
 The main idea of the current publication was to let readers get better understanding of the marine environments as well as of the behavior of the hydrocarbons once they have been released onto the ocean surface; it also explores the different methods of proper response to the oil spills. The author has made significant efforts to reflect all trends and relevant levels of the oilfield development.
The fast growth of the economy of the countries straight after the completion of the Second World War has eventually resulted in the rapid rise of the maritime transportation of the oil and other raw materials; the offshore activities has considerably increased, too, which, of course, has led to the significant number of accidents and incidents, such as the groundings and collision, which, in turn, resulted in the oil spilled to the sea on the frequent basis.
The opening part of the volume covers the essential characteristics of the oils, while the second one deals with the chemical methods of treatment such as the cleansing, dispersion, chemical barriers etc. the mechanical responses have been dealt with in a separate chapter; note that after that the oil spill combating is discussed together with the contingency planning and associated limitations.
 This excellent and practically useful volume with the content relating to the oil spills was prepared by the recognized expert in offshore industry having more than forty years of professional experience. According to the estimations conducted by the recognized specialists, from approximately two to eight million tons of oil release in to the waters of the world ocean annually, and note that seventy percent of that oil directly relates to various activities of the people.
The negative effects caused by these spills are quite apparent and include contaminated water, dead wild life, marshlands covered by oil, and many others. The present reference publication is expected to provide the practicing engineers and scientists with the clear technical descriptions of the established methods that are commonly used for the identification and elimination of the oil spills before they actually occur and also to the development of the effective techniques plus the materials and equipment used when dealing with such spills.
Among the topics that have been covered within this book there are dynamics and behavior of the oil spills and effective cleanup techniques and spill treating agents. The effects and fate of the spills have also been covered together with the means of assessment of the damage caused...
 Despite of the implications of relevant decisions made on PSSA by the IMO, subject concept has not yet received too much of academic interest. That is why the present book by Dr. Julian Roberts bringing the serious value to this issue very timely. The author is providing the industry with the introduction to the complete legal framework of the protection of the marine environment and regulation of the shipping activities; in addition, he looked into the development of the whole PSSA concept and provides a very detailed examination of the applicable requirements.
The author has also looked in detail at the way subject requirements are applied by the IMO Committees. In his work, he is developing a critique of the actual practical application of the requirements and is suggesting that the guidelines that have been developed, have sometimes been applied not logically with not enough procedural and scientific rigor.
Moreover, in this work the other regimes of protection of the marine environment have also been examined. He performs the analysis of the regional congestion areas and provides readers with the ammunition for the completely new strategic approaches in the area. The recommendations provided by the author are very practical and thoughtful.
 The author of this volume has examined the key role that is played by the IMO in control and prevention of marine pollution from ships. Saiful Karim has thoroughly analyzed this complex issue and presented the results of his work in a remarkably simple manner. The arguments presented by the author are very appealing.
The volume starts with some general introductory info about the IMO and marine pollution problem as well as relevant international legal documents. The second chapter is devoted to the institutional structure of the IMO and the law-making process, while the third chapter is dealing with the prevention of marine pollution, response to spills and compensation.
The next chapter addresses the ballast water management and bio-fouling issues. The rest of the volume is dealing with the recycling of vessels, reduction of emissions, and other important aspects of pollution prevention. The book will be useful for the policy-makers, students, environmentalists, lawyers and judges and all other persons.
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